Arthurian Legends Project
Directions: Click on the links below in order to go to the appropriate article. You will receive some time to visit the Internet lab and view these articles. However, you should read through all of the articles before the end of Spring Break.
Disclaimer: This site is composed of student work. The articles, although taken from reputable sources, are not posted for the public's use. The purpose of publication is for students to share their work with each other and parents, while maybe learning about gathering information, combining sources, publishing, and of course Arthurian legends. The articles present here have only been modified by computer spell check and some format editing, any errors in grammar and mechanics that were in the originals are still present.
| Arthur |
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King Arthur I’m doing my project on King Arthur whose his full name was Arthur Pendragon. Arthur,the legend, was fictional but there might have been a Celtic war god named Arthur. Historians also think that it could have been a Celtic bear god named Artio but they don’t have any proof of the Celtic religion in England. Historians are pretty sure that there was a Celtic war god that the legend was built off from. In the legend of King Arthur his father, Uther Pendragon, was King of England but fell in love with the wife of King Cornwall. He was so in love with Lady Igraine that he asked Merlin if he could do anything to help him. .Merlin changed the looks of Uther to the looks of King Cornwall for one nigh, as long as the child that would be conceived would go to Merlin. During that same night Uther was with Igraine her real husband was killed so Uther married Igraine. Nine months later Merlin came back and took the child that Uther promised him. Merlin took the boy to London were he had Sir Hector raise the boy, named Arthur, until Merlin started to educate him. When Arthur went to a joust, as a squire for his half brother Kay, he forgot Kay’s sword at the inn. He went back to get it but the inn was locked. Author found a sword in the stone and when he pulled out the sword all this music and light from the sky shined on him. He ran back to the joust with the special sword. When Kay found out the sword was from the stone he tried to claim it for himself. But when they came back to the stone Kay couldn’t pull it out of the stone again. Then Arthur tried and pulled it out fine and he became the King of England. Later as he matured, the Lady of the Lake gave him Excalibur, (a special sword), and that gave supernatural powers. Then as a gift, he got the round table and started the Knights of the Round Table and his first knight was Sir Lancelot. The reason the round table was so successful was because Arthur was the first one to make up the Code of Chivalry. Then Arthur married Queen Gwineveir .They lived well together for awhile. Then Sir Lancelot falls in love Gwinever and they had an affair. Arthur banishes Sir Lancelot from England and almost kills Gwinever. At the last moment Arthur lets her go right before she was supposed to get executed. Sir Lancelot and Gwinever run off to France. Meanwhile Arthur’s half sister ends up sleeping with Arthur and gets a son named Modred who plans to take over Camelot. Arthur sends all of his knights to find the Holy Grail but none of them were successful and most of them died. Right when Arthur’s kingdom was the weakest Modred attacks him. In the last battle Sir Lancelot came and helped Arthur against Modred. Lancelot killed Modred but Modred also gave Arthur a fatal wound. Sir Lancelot also ends up dying Arthur told his last knight, Sir Bedivere, to throw Excalibur back into the lake before he dies. It took Sir Bedivere three times to actually throw it in the lake. By the time he comes back, Arthur was already on a boat to Avalon which is a magical island to die in peace. Bibliography Arthur the Myth.www.britannia.com.Arthur,3/8/00 Arthur Pendragon, King of the Britons. www.geocites.com/Silicon Valley/Vista/1027/Arhtur.html.Arthur.3/8/00 Reno,FrankD.The Historic King Arthur. USA,1996 |
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| Bedievere |
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| Bors |
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Brian Garvin BORS DE GANNIS Sir Bors son of the king of the Gauls who he will succeeded as King of Gannes and cousin of Sir Launcelot du Luke and a Knight of the Round Table. He was one of the greatest knights of the Round Table. He was a knight of great courage nobility and bravery. He was one of three knights who help achieve the quest for the Holy Grail. After achieving the quest Bors returned to Arthur’s court to tell King Arthur what happen. The daughter of King Brandegoris fell in love with him and her nurse forced Bors to make love to her with the aid of a magic ring. From this Bors become the father of Elyan the White the Emperor of Constantinople. Bors was a incredibly loyal to King Arthur and his Code Chivalry. He was so loyal he chose to save a maiden from evil knight instead of saving his own brother from the other two knights. Bors’ brother survived the attack from the knights, but he was so mad at Bors for not saving him he tried to kill him, but Bors forgave him. Bors died fighting to try to maintain the principle of Knighthood. Works Consulted Camelot The Legend. http:/www.camelot.com/legend/bors.html. Sir Bors de Ganis. 3/8/00 Sir Bors de Gannis. http://www.home.flash.net/~barbbeck/sirbors.htm . Sir Bors de Gannis. 3/8/00 Coghlan,Ronan. The Illustrated Encyclopaedia of Arthurian Legends. Great Britain. Barnes & Noble. 1993 |
| Christine Aberle
Sir Bors de Ganis |
| Elaine |
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Elaine of Astolat
Elaine was born by a number of people in Arthurian Romance. First, she is the daughter of Pelles. Pelles tricked Sir Lancelot into sleeping with Elaine and
others say that Lancelot slept with Elaine
thinking that she was Guinevere. Elaine
and Sir Lancelot are the parents of Mohdred.
In other stories, Elaine was known as a half sister to King Arthur. Lancelot’s mother, Arthur’s niece, who falls in love with
Perceval and lastly, she is the daughter of Pellina, and after the death
of Sir Lancelot she kills herself.
Despite all the stories that people have come up with about Elaine
and Sir Lancelot, most of us know her as the woman who married Sir
Lancelot, a knight of the round table.
Sir Lancelot falls in love with Guinevere and Elaine kills herself
because she now realizes that Lancelot truly loves Guinever and because he
is not loving her anymore she feels that the only way to show Lancelot how
she feels about him is to kill herself and write him a letter, explaining
why she had died. Bibliography ·
New
Arthurian Encyclopedia.Ed.Norris J.Lacy.New York:Garland, 1996 ·
Bowley,
M. “The Lady of Shalott”.Chesson, Nora.
Tales from Tennyson. Frances Brundage and M. Bowley. London:
Raphael Tuck and Sons, North Dakota. |
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Elaine of Astolat Elaine of Astolat is the maiden who dies of unrequited love for Lancelot and floats in a barge to Camelot with a letter for Lancelot clutched in her lifeless hand. She appears in Malory and in Tennyson's idyll of "Lancelot and Elaine" The figure of Elaine in the barge became one of the most popular Victorian images. I did not find a lot information on Elaine, but I have found a book on her and it was called "Elaine and Elaine" this is the first paragraph of the chapter. Dead, she drifted to his feet .Tell us, Love, is Death so sweet? Oh! the river floweth deep. Fathoms deeper is her sleep. Oh! the current driveth strong. Wilder tides drive souls along. Drifting, though he loved her not,To the heart of Launcelot,Let her pass; it is her place. Death hath given her this grace.Let her pass; she resteth well. What her dreams are, who can tell?Mute the steersman; why, if he Speaketh not a word, should we? NO WORKS CONSULTED LIST |
| Gareth |
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Laura
Higgins Sir
Gareth
In
the Morte D’arthur tales Gareth is a gentle, modest, and patient
knight, also he is brave and strong. Everyone in the Arthurian legend
loves Sir Gareth except Modred and Kay. Gareth is the best knight of his
four brothers, Gawaine, Argravaine, Gaheris, and Mordred. Gareth can
handle situations better than the other knights can. Sir Gareth’s good
reputation has much to do with his disregard for genealogy and feuds and
his respect for actual fearlessness and courteousness. Gareth’s best fried is Lancelot. Lancelot knighted Gareth. Gareth has great trust in Lancelot. He displayed his trust when he went without armor to stand by Guenevere at the stake. Gareth was sure Lancelot would recognize him and
spare him. He didn’t, and his dearest friend killed Gareth in an
un-knightly fashion. A conflict between Lancelot and Gawaine starts. Both
Gawaine and Lancelot are devastated by Gareth’s death. It was
Gawaine’s revenge on Lancelot that destroys Camelot and the Arthurian
dream. Works
Consulted
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| Michael Fyfe
SIR GARETH
Works consulted list Owned by Sir Gareth. SirGareths homepage. http://www.members.tripod.com/~sirgareth/index2.html.sirgareths homepage dated 3/9/00 Gareth Sir.Sir Gareth. http://members.tripod.com/~sirgareth/gareth2.html Sir Gareth dated 3/9/00 The Legend of Camolot http://www.camolotintl.com/legend/gareth.html. Camolot the Legend dated 3/5/00 Malory, Thomas. Sir Gareth. http://www.uidaho.edu/student_orgs/arutherian_legend/knights/orkney/gareth.html. Sir Gareth of Orkney dated 3/9/00 |
| Galahad |
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| Scott LaMagdeleine.
Sir Galahad Later on Sir Galahad saved Sir
Perceval from the twenty knights and rode into a vast forest where he
abode many days, and then he made his way to the sea. Where he found a
gentlewoman, she leads him to a ship, on which were Sir Bohort and Sir
Perceval. Galahad finds that the gentlewoman was Perceval's sister. Then
he boards the ship with the woman, and they sail many days until they are
between two massive and glorious rocks, but they could not land there,
because there was a whirlpool. However there was another ship which they
could board, and so they did. There they found the table of silver and the
Sangreal (Holy Grail). At this point Sir Galahad prayed a long time to our
Lord that at the time he should ask, he might pass out of this world, he
then heard a voice say "Galahad, thou shalt have thy request, and
when thou asketh the death of thy body, thou shalt have it". Then the
wind blew the ship to the city of Saraas, and then they took the table of
silver out of the ship and went to the gate of the city. This is where
they saw an old crippled man, Galahad asked him to help carry the table
and he got up and found himself healed, and he helped Galahad. Then all
the people of the city heard of these great knights who could heal
cripples. Then the three knights went to the water and lead Sir Perceval's
sister into the Palace. And when the king of the city, which was Cleped
Estorause, saw them he asked them from where they were, and what thing
they had brought upon the table of silver. So they told him the truth of
the Sangreal and the power which God had set there. The king was a tyrant
and so through them into prison in a deep hole. The Lord sent them the
Sangreal while they were there and so they were filled with Grace all the
time they were in prison. And at the end of the year the king lay sick and
felt like he would die, so he sent for the three knights and Perceval's
sister, and he beg their forgiveness which was returned with happiness.
Then the king died and the people of the city looked for a new king, they
wanted the youngest of the three knights, which was Sir Galahad. And so
they made him king or else would slay him. Galahad then made a chest of
gold that then had gems and precious stones placed on it and around it,
and the chest was placed near the table of silver. This then is where the
three knights made their prayers to God in the mornings and evenings.
And so he asked the Lord to take him to heaven, and God did so. NO WORKS CONSULTED LIST |
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| Gawain |
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Brian Clausson
Sir Gawain is the eldest son of King Lot of Orkney and is King Arthur’s nephew. Sir Gawain was knighted at King Arthur’s wedding. Sir Gawain is in most stories considered to be one of Arthur’s most loyal, courageous, faithful and handsome knights (the other is Sir Lancelot) Sir Gawain appears in many Arthurian legends. Such as "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" in that particular story Sir Gawain takes a challenge from the Green Knight to play a game. The game is that the Green Knight will hide. If Sir Gawain does not find him in a certain amount of time the Green knight will behead him. If Sir Gawain finds the Green Knight before the time is up Sir Gawain will behead him. Sir Gawain sets off with his only horse Gringolet. At the end of the poem Sir Gawain fails to find the Green Knight and he is supposed too be beheaded. When the Green Knight is getting ready to chop Sir Gawain's head off he taunts Sir Gawain. Sir Gawain admits that he is afraid of death, apologizes and is set free. In the story "The Wedding of Sir Gawain and Dame Ragnell," Sir Gawain sacrifices his own happiness to save King Arthur’s life by marrying an old ugly lady. Some web pages said that Sir Lancelot killed Sir Gawain’s brothers. Sir Gawain went on a quest for revenge. Sir Lancelot mortally wounded Sir Gawain. Sir Gawain on his deathbed repented his hate for Sir Lancelot. Sir Gawain was buried at Dove Castle. Works Consulted
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Sir
Gawain
Sir
Gawain is the oldest son of King Lot of Orkney. He was Knighted at King Arthur's
wedding. He was also the first to take a vow to search for the
grail. In all of the Arthurian legends he is in, he is portrayed as a
hero. In the tale we read in class he was the youngest Knight of the round
table and has never been in a battle. During
Queen Guenaveres trial by fire, his brothers were accidentally killed by
Sir Lancelot. His quest for revenge against Sir Lancelot caused the
disbanding of the round table. Sir Gawain was portrayed in the many
stories involving the Knights of the round table, to be a kind, honorable,
and brave, Knight of the round table. Sir Gawain was mortally wounded in a jousting tournament with Sir Lancelot and later died of these wounds. On his deathbed he repented his hatred toward Sir Lancelot. Then was buried at Dover Castle. Works consulted |
| Guinevere |
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Diane Philipone Guinevere Guinevere’s heritage varies according to different legends. Malory was daughter of King Leodegrance of Cameliarde. When Arthur was established on the throne, and despite Merlin’s warnings that she would one day betray him, Arthur chose Guinevere to become his wife. As a dowry she brought the great round table capable of seating one hundred and fifty knights, made by Merlin at the budding of Arthur’s father, Uther Pendragon. Eventually Guinevere and Sir Lancelot fell in love. It is said in some stories that Guinevere and Sir Lancelot had a child. The name of this child was Sir Galahad. In one tale the FALSE Guinevere takes Guinevere’s place while she take refuge with Lancelot in Sorelois. The FALSE Guinevere and her champion Bertholai finally admit their deception and after the FALSE Guinevere’s death, the true Guinevere is restored to Arthur. By this time, Guinevere and Lancelot are irrevocably in love and Lancelot’s struggle with his conscience keeps him away from Camelot pursing guests. Just when Guinevere and Lancelot came to the decision to end their affair for the good of the kingdom, Mordred, Arthur’s illegitimate son, captured them in the queen’s chamber. Lancelot fled and Mordred forced Arthur to condemn Guinevere to the stake. Lancelot rescued her but in the process accidentally killed Gareth and Gaheris, Gawain’s brothers, and a war ensued. When Arthur went off to fight Lancelot, Mordred said his father was dead and proclaimed himself kind and announced Guinevere will become his wire. She refused and locked herself in the Tower of London. Arthur returned to fight yet another war against Mordred and received a mortal wound in battle. After the death of Arthur, Guinevere entered a nunnery at Amesbury and stayed there until her death. A different tale according to Perlesvaus, says she died as a prisoner of the Picts. At her death, she was laid to rest beside Arthur. |
| Erica Lohr Guinevere Guinevere is known for many things but most widely she is known as the wife of King Arthur and as the mistress of Sir Lancelot du Lake. She is the daughter of different people in different legends. Most commonly she is considered to be the daughter of Leodegrance of Cameliard as written in Le Morte de Arthur by Sir Thomas Malory. In all cases, she is surpassingly beautiful and desirable. The name by which she is known Gwenhwyfar means "White Phantom". Guinevere is frequently abducted in romance, sometimes by King Melwas of Somerset, sometimes by Mordred and sometimes by the marauding tribes from the north. She meets her end sometimes in a convent at Amesbury or Caeleon and sometimes she dies at the vengeful hand of Lancelot. Scottish stories, recorded by Boece, indicate she dies as a prisoner of Mordred's followers at Barry Hill in Strathmore, she was buried at Meisle where her memorial can still be seen. It is told in the Mabinagian that Guinevere had a sister named Gwenhwyvach in french romance that she had an identical half-sister who, for a while, took her place, and in the German Diu Crohe that she had a brother named Gotesrin. Giraldus Cambrersis says the cross claimed Guinevere as Arthur's "second wife". This story is false Guinevere of French Romance, an identical half-sister of the Queen fathered on the same night who persuaded Arthur that she was his true wife. For two and a half years, the King was separated from the real Guinevere until the deception was revealed. In British legend, Guinevere had an adulterous love affair with the Knight Lancelot of the Lake, this is what led ultimately to Arthur's death. Whatever Guinevere was or was not, she has been a useful tool in the hands of the romances throughout the centuries and has greatly, enhanced the legends of King Arthur. NO WORKS CONSULTED LIST |
| Tony Schnese Guinevere Guinevere means, "white phantom" in Welsh. Guinevere has been involved in various literary works. She was the daughter of King Leodegrance of Cameliarde, by Sir Thomas Mallory. She was the daughter of King Ogrfan Gawr by Welsh Tradition, but all of us know her as the desirable wife and Queen of King Arthur. In some stories Guinevere had a brother and an identical twin sister, known as Gwenhwyfar the fake. Her name is spelled differently depending on what you read. Her name can be spelt Guinevere, which is traditional. Also Gwynevere, or Guenevere, or Guenhumare. In what ever language, people think of her as a gorgeous enchantress. When King Arthur was set on the throne, he saw Guinevere at a party celebrating his new found royalty. Even with the warning of Merlin, that one day she would betray him, Arthur chose Guinevere to become his new wife. At the wedding, Guinevere's father brought a huge table as a wedding present for Arthur. This table came to be known as the "Round Table". This gigantic table could have sat one hundred and fifty of Arthur's best Knights. In almost all works relating to King Arthur, Guinevere has or is forced into a relationship with Sir Lancelot. After Guinevere and Lancelot fall in love, Guinevere is condemned to death or is forgiven publicly, depending on the story. In the most common stories, Guinevere and Lancelot flee to his castle immediately after Arthur lays siege on Lancelot's castle. After the death of Sir Lancelot, Modred and Arthur meet in battle. At the end, both end up slaying each other. In some stories, it is said that Guinevere is an accomplice with Modred against Arthur. In other stories she is said to be forced against her will to betray Arthur. Guinevere betrays Arthur many times during any Arthurian legend and he usually forgave her, but she would always end up being the downfall of King Arthur. Guinevere was one of the original characters in Arthurian legends. Although she was one of the original, she was not always a main character. In early literary works she didn't have such a big part, but as time went on her part evolved into one of the main characters as well. You can believe what you want because there were many versions, but in Romances throughout the centuries, she has played a big part. NO WORKS CONSULTED LIST |
| Isuelt |
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Valerie Calkins Iseult
In Arthurian legends, there were two Iseults.
One was Iseult of Ireland. The
other was Iseult of the White Hands.
Both had a romance with Tristan.
Iseult of Ireland was the daughter of King Anguish of Ireland.
She was said to be very beautiful.
She is also referred to as Iseult the fair.
Iseult of Ireland was married to King Mark of Cornwall despite her
love for Tristan.
Iseult of the White hands was simple and beautiful.
She was born of kings and queens in blood and of dukes before them.
She was call Iseult of the White Hands because she was said to have
beautiful, graceful hands.
As a result of drinking a love potion, Iseult and Tristan were
hopelessly in love. “Apart the lovers could neither live nor die, for it was
life and death together, and Tristan fled his sorrow through seas, islands
and many lands.” This is a
quote from a story about the romance of Tristan and Iseult.
This particular story tells of how Tristan came to marry Iseult of
the White Hands even though he was still in love with Iseult of Ireland.
This story tells how Tristan fought against Count Rionel to win
back Duke Hoel’s land. When
he defeated Count Rionel and got the land back.
Duke Hoel offered his daughter, Iseult of the White Hands.
Tristan accepted the gift and married her because he had heard
nothing from Iseult of Ireland in a very long time.
Tristan paid no attention to his wife because of his love for
Iseult of Ireland. Naturally Iseult of the White Hands was jealous.
One story tells of how when Tristan was wounded he sent for his
beloved Iseult of Ireland in his last dying days.
The ship that brought her was to have white sails if she had agreed
to come and black if she had refused.
Before the ship carrying Iseult of Ireland reached Tristan, Iseult
of the White Hands spotted the white sails and told Tristan that the sails
were black so he gave up and died before his love could get there.
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| Valerie
Burd Iseult
Iseult was a lady in Arthurian times. She had many names that where
considered to be made by the writer Sir Thomas Malory. They were Isolt of
Ireland, Lady Belle Isoult, Iseult of Ireland, Isolde of Ireland, Iseult,
Isolde, and Ysolde the Fair. No matter what her name was she was a noticeable
character in Arthurian legends. The thing she was most famous for was the
romance that she had.
The story goes that Iseult was going to marry King Mark of Cornwall. He
sent a messenger, Tristan, to go and get Iseult from Ireland. Iseult and
Tristan though became lovers after they drank a love potion, which was
supposed to be for the married couple. The affair between Tristan and
Iseult went on for a long time, while Iseult was married to King Mark.
They finally decided that they would run off into the forest, but was
eventually found. Iseult was eventually forgiven bye Mark, but Tristan was
banned from Cornwall. Iseult went back to Mark after a while. Tristan
marries Iseult of White Hands, because she shares the name of his love.
Iseult of White Hands eventually brought Tristan to death. Tristan fell
ill and he sent for Iseult in hopes that she could help cure him. If
Iseult agreed to help him, her returning sails would be white, but if she
didn’t agree they would be black. Iseult of White Hands found out of his
plan. When the ship returned the sails were white, but when Tristan asked
his wife what color they were she liedand said that they were black. He of
course died before Iseult could help him. It is said that Iseult then died
of a broken heart.
The background known about Iseult is very little. She is said to be the
daughter of King Anguish. King Anguish was the King of Ireland. It is
known that she married King Mark of Cornwall. The potion was said to have
been made by Isolt's mother, provided by Brangaine, Isolt's personal maid.
That is almost all of the background I found on Iseult. Works Consulted
www.mystical-www.co.uk/arthuriana2z/i.htm#ISOLT
http://www.georgetown.edu/labyrinth/subjects/arthurian/arthur.html |
| Lancelot |
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Daren Kessler Lancelot The grandfather of Sir Lancelot of the lake. He married the daughter of the King of Ireland. King Ban and King Bors were his sons champion and right hand man. He was the son of King Ban by his wife Elaine. After his father's death, he was left near a lake by his mother and was taken in by the lady of the lake, who raised him. He became Arthur's trusted companion and a knight of the round table. He fell in love with Gunievere and had an affair with her, he was also the object of the affections of Elaine of Astotat who died of love for him. Another Elaine was the daughter of the King Pelles. When Lancelot visited Carbonek, and he saved her from a tub of boiling water. Brisen, her nurse, arranged for her to sleep with him, while he thought she was Gunievere. As a result, Galahad was conceiveded when this happened a second time, Gunievere discovered the pair and sent Lancelot away from Camelot. He went mad, but was cured by the Grail. When Gunivere was abducted by Meliagaunce, son of king Bagdemagus, Lancelot chased him in a cart, a humble mode of conveyance which the knights were reluctant to travel. He had to cross a sword bridge to reach the castle to find Meliagaunce. There to faught, but Bagdemagus pleaded with Gunivere that his son's life would be spared, so their fighting was stopped to be taking up again, Bagdemagus had to plead for his sons life again. Eventually, Lancelot killed Magiagaunce in combat at Arthur's Court. When Lancelot and Gunivere were last discovered together, Lancelot fled, but returned to rescue Guinevere from the stake, killing Agravain, Gaheris and Gareth in the process.War between him and Arthur followed but was broken off when Arthur had to return to deal with Mordreds rebellion. |
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| Emily Enyeart
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| Merlin |
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| Tony Luiten
Merlin Today when you says Merlin most people think of a magical man in sword in The Sword in the Stone. There are many different types of ways you could describe Merlin, and one way is that he was a prophet and consoler of young King Arthur. Some people say that Merlin was responsible for the creation of the Round Table. In one story Merlin meet his doom because of a foolish passion for a woman named Vivien (or Morgan Le Fay). She was a young beautiful lady that Merlin fell for. She imprisoned him forever in a bush by means of magic secrets that Merlin himself had taught her.Some other people my think of him as that Arthur's adviser, prophet and magician, is basically the creation of Geoffrey of Monmouth, who in his twelfth-century History of the Kings of Britain combined the Welsh traditions about a bard and prophet named Myrddin. Geoffrey gave his character the name Merlinus rather than Merdinus (the normal Latin for Myrddin) because they have suggested to his Anglo-Norman audience the vulgar word "merde". In Geoffrey's book, Merlin assists Uther Pendragon and is responsible for transporting the stones of Stonehenge from Ireland. There are so many different types of Merlins today it is hard to find the one you think might be real. If you look for information on Merlin you would also find the name under Myrddin. Merlin is perhaps the most frequently portrayed Arthurian character. There is one thing for sure that Merlin was a magician that helped Arthur be come King. Now when you hear Merlin you will think of him in a whole different angle. No Works Consulted List |
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| Modred |
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| Dylan Lowdermilk
The Evil Mordred His rightful mother, Morgause, taught him how to
fight and kill. Basically, Mordred was raised to get back at Arthur.
Mordred did not meet his father for many years until one day when Modred
went to the castle where Arthur was. He demanded that Arthur give up
the royal throne, but Arthur refused. That infuriated Mordred. Mordred was an evil person. He killed many
people for no reason and robbed many people. He also killed most of King
Arthur's Round Table Knights that were looking for the Holy Grail.
He also caused many problems for Arthur and his knights. One time Sir
Lancelot, Arthur's greatest and noblest knight, was having an affair with
Arthur's wife Guinever. Mordred told Arthur many lies about them,
and then Arthur wanted to kill both Guinevere and his greatest knight Sir
Lancelot. The Battle of Camlan was the last battle for Arthur
and Mordred. During the battle they caught a glimpse of each other and
began to fight. Arthur and Mordred both wounded each other.
Arthur received a blow to the head, and Mordred was stabbed in the
stomach. That was the last time anyone saw Mordred. He was killed by
his father, and King Arthur was taken to Avilion by three beautiful
princesses to be healed, but was never to be seen again. |
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Geoff McMillian Modred Modred was said as King Arthur’s nephew, from a sorceress from far away. Modred’s mom thought he was a sort of a God, that couldn’t get killed in battle because of his armor. When Arthur went away on a battle, Modred took over Camelot and made up letters that said, King Arthur had died and he was going to take
over. Arthur didn’t like to
hear this so he made a plan to take Camelot back. Arthur ended up fighting with Modred, and both sides had many losses. The only knight left with King Arthur was Sir Bedivere. It came to that Arthur had to fight his son. Modred
mortally wounded Arthur, but Arthur killed Modred.
Modred was brought up thinking that he would take over Camelot. His mother would always get him to think that this would be the best for him. On the search for the Holy Grail ended up with loss of Arthur’s men getting killed by Modred. At his house he had knights hanging from a big tree. These knights had tried to defeat Modred, but failed. It was said that Modred seized the Tower of London. He also laid siege on
Sir Lancelot. Modred’s power led to his own downfall. Works Consulted Bulfinch, Thomas. Bulfinch’s Mythology. www.webcom.com/shownet/bulfinch/tales/chiv18.html “Modred”. 3/9/00. Philips, Graham. Martin Keatman. King Arthur the True Story. United Kingdom. Century Random House 1992. Philip, Neal.The Tale of Sir Gawain. New York. Philomel Books. 1987. |
| Morgan Le Fay |
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Sarah Randolph Morgan Le Fay Morgan Le Fay was the half sister of Arthur. She was also thought to be the mother of Arthur’s son, Mordred. Yet in other stories, Morgan’s sister, Morgause is the mother of Mordred. Morgause was the more loving and sympathetic sister. Morgan Le Fay was the daughter of Ygerna or also thought to be the daughter of Igrian, Duke of Cornwall. Her first husband was agreed to be Gorlois. In one story, Morgan is Guenever’s lady in waiting, but when Morgan falls in love with King Arthur's nephew Giomer, Guenener puts an end to the romance. Thus enraging Morgan in which who later betrays Guenever and Sir Lancelot’s secret affair to King Arthur. Morgan’s name Le Fay comes from the meaning “the fairy” in which she was called, because of her magical healing powers, made Morgan seem to have heavenly powers. Though in some stories Morgan is thought to be only a healer. She got a “bad streak” from the stories written by the Cirtercians who gave her the name, because she was neither male, nor had a religions status. Works
Consulted List N/A King Aurthur on Britannia www.britannia.com/history/biographies/morgan.html, Morgan Le Fay 3\10\2000 N/A The legend of King Arthur and Morgan Le Fay. http//callisto.worldonline.nl/~haverk/morgan_le_fay_small.htm 3/16/2000 Hibbit Christphor American Heritage pub. Co. 1969 Return to Index |
| America Parra Morgan Le Fay Morgan Le Fay was also known as just "Le Fay." She was an enchantress and a shape shifter. She had a goddess like aspect or appearance. Her English name comes from the French Morain Le Fee, the fairy and in Italian she is the Fata Morgana. Morgan learned a lot of her magic from the famous magician, Merlin. Morgan Le Fay was represented as a dark goddess characterized by the powerful earthly qualities of winter and warfare. Some stories say that she could fly with wings and change shapes. Morgan is Arthur's half sister. Morgan ruled a castle of maidens near Edinburgh. She was also the goddess of an island in the sea called "The Fortunate Isle," "The Island of Apples," or more commonly known as Avalon.
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| Percival |
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| Tasha Borreson
Percival |
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| Tristan |
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Travis Jensen Sir Tristan Stories from the past, present, and future may branch off or come from a story that has been written before. This is what has happened with the tale of Tristan and Isuelt, as well as a lot of other Arthurian Legends. You can tell by the name differences and what happens to Tristan and Isuelt in other stories. Tristan and Isuelt is said to be second in all of Arthurian Romances. The first of course is the love story between Lancelot and Guenivere. Tristan is a faithful knight set in Arthurian Legends. Tristan pledges his loyalty to his uncle, King Mark. King Mark was betrothed to Isuelt, but Isuelt is in Ireland and King Mark sends Tristan to get her and bring her back unharmed. Tristan not only proved his loyalty by killing many knights who were against King Mark, such as the Irish Champion, however he was injured and had to hide under the alias of Pro of Iernsetis. He even slew a foul breathed dragon and brought its tounge back to prove it. But his final test was to bring back Isuelt safely to King Mark. Tristan was of noble birth obviously. His father is Meliodas, King of Liones. And his mother died at his birth. On the way, something both drastic and exciting happened at the same moment. Isuelt and Tristan accidentally drink a love potion and fell in love with each other. In some versions this potion lasts forever, in others it has a limited amount of time. Eventually Tristan and Isuelt are caught. In some stories Isuelt is sent to a leprosy camp as punishment. The potion was meant for King Mark and Isuelt, sent by Queen Isuelt of Ireland to stop all of the fighting between King Mark and Queen Isuelt, but on accident Isuelt and Tristan drink it and the story is for you to read from there. The different spellings that I could find for Tristan are: Tristan, Tritran, Tristam, and Tristram. The different spellings I found for Isuelt are: Isuelt, Isualt, Isolde, Isolte, and Isuolt. There were at least 50 different versions of this story that I found just on the internet, not including books. Perhaps what makes Tristan so true is the fact that he is not ‘invincible’ He was injured or weakened many times in his stories and survived them. That is as far as I got into Tristran. Works Consulted
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| The Round Table |
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Maria Sison
The Round Table NO WORKS CONSULTED LIST |
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| The Holy Grail |
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| Excalibur |
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Sebastien Albert Excalibur The Excalibur is the sword of King Arthur. Some stories say that the Excalibur is the sword in the stone as well as the sword from the lady of the lake. And other stories say the two swords are different Others say Merlin helped Arthur get the sword from both places. I n the movie Excalibur the sword is the sword in the stone and the sword from the lady of the lake. The sword was first given to Arthur’s father and he put the sword in the stone. Then a few years later they had a challenge to see who could pull the sword and Arthur pulled it. A few years passed and Arthur had broken the sword he throws it in the lake and the lady of the lake fixed it for him. Then when Arthur was ding he told Sir Lancelot to throw it in the lake, and he did. Other stories are different. |
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| Avalon |
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| Diana
Ho Avalon Avalon aka "Avilion", "Isle of Avallach", "the Place of Apples", "Idle of Apples", "Underworld Locality", "Over the Sea", "Avallah", "Ynisvitrin", "Isle of Glass", & "Shining Idle" is said to be that after Arthur was mortally wounded by Mordred that Arthur was taken on a sacred barque to the "Idle of Avalon", as the land around "Glastonbury" flooded in winter forming small islands. Many people called Avalon "Ynisvitrin", "Isle of Glass", & "Shining Idle" is because it was believed to be based on the river which was said to be the color of glass and w as also linked to the marsh land surrounding it. Avallon, meaning "Aval" in British, means apples and so it connects with "Taliesin's' description of the "Isle of the Apples". Which is why some call it "Isle of the Apples" Although Arthur's death has not been found to have been recorded anywhere, it is believed that he was buried in the Cistercian monks own cemetery at Glastonbury Abbey. Monks have also been saying how when they found bones of a women in which they knew it was a women by how long the hair was. They believed that it was "Guinevere" 1191 monks found at Glastonbury the bones of the most renowned Arthur, formerly King of Britain, buried in a very ancient coffin, about which two ancient pyramids had been built: on the sides of these was in inscription, very hard to read and in bad condition. The bones were discovered as they were digging up this ground to bury a monk who had urgently desired in his lifetime to be enclosed there, they discovered a certain coffin, on which a leaden cross had been placed, bearing the inscription in Latin: "HIC IACET SEPULTUS INCULYTUS REX ARTURIUS IN INSULA AVALONIA". Which translated in English means: "Here in the 'Isle of Avalon' the famous King Arthur lies buried" People were saying that Monks made this story up to have Pilgrims believe in their religion and pray more. Till finally, one day in the 17th Century, the cross disappeared. It is believed that it is here in Avalon that Arthur dwells, possible carried in the sacred barque by his 3 sisters, or by sisters of Morgan, the fata morgana, or those from an Otherworld realm. It is not clear whether Arthur is still thought to be alive, died but reincarnated, or sleeping under the Tor but in all Arthurian legends, ancient and modern, it is in Avalon that he awaits the day when Britain requires his sword which will demand his return as the "once and future king". NO WORKS CONSULTED LIST |
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| Camelot |
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| Seige Perilous |
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Kyle Armbrust The Seige Perilous The
Seige Perilous was the special seat being reserved for the holy warrior at
the Round Table. The Round
Table seated one hundred and twenty men.
At the table, knights would discuss matters of real estate, matters
of state, share stories, and create plans for war alike.
The
holy warrior that sits in The Seige Perilous is the one that the Holy
Grail chose. If another sat
in it, they would suffer disastrous consequences.
The Seige Perilous was made by Merlin.
When Sir Galahad (the chosen holy warrior) arrives at Camelot, his
name appears on the seat destined for him.
The
reason that nobody else could sit in this chair is because Joseph
d’Arimatie was commanded to make a table in commemoration of the Last
Supper and to leave one place vacant, symbolizing the seat of Judas, who
had betrayed Christ. During the thirteenth century, when the Grail was fully integrated with Arthurian legend in the group of prose, it was established that the Round Table, modeled on the Grail and with the empty place, was made by Merlin for Uther Pendragon, King Arthur’s father. It got into the hands of King Leodegran of Carmelide, who gave it to Arthur as part of the dowry of Guinevere when she married him. Bibliography
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